Europe could experience a “deep freeze” much earlier than predicted due to the potential collapse of a key ocean current, according to a new study by Utrecht University. The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), which drives the Gulf Stream and brings warm air from the Gulf of Mexico to Europe, has been slowing in recent years. If it shuts down, temperatures in northwestern Europe could drop by as much as 27C, causing Arctic ice to spread south and disrupting the world’s rainfall pattern. The AMOC collapse could also lead to global food and water shortages and increased temperatures in the tropics. While the exact timing of the collapse is uncertain, scientists warn that it could happen sooner than expected, with potentially severe consequences.